Ammonium carbamate is very corrosive under the synthesis conditions in a urea plant. The various process licensors have developed different solutions to assure sufficient safety and reliability levels, but what is the best material?
A discussion defining the role of the stripper and decomposer in a urea plant and how they differ.
Hot prills can easily cause caking which leads to lump formation and consequently dust formation when these lumps are crushed. This all leads to poor product quality and customer complaints, but how can hot prills be avoided?
The scraper in a prilling tower rotates above the floor of the tower and moves the prills from the bottom of the prilling tower to the conveyor belt. Under certain conditions, the scraper can get clogged and requires cleaning, but how can this be done safely?
The protective loose liners in high pressure urea synthesis equipment require an accurate and reliable leak detection system in order identify in time when there is a leak in the liner, but locating a small leak is not always easy to find. Several methods are available but which works best for small leaks?
The function of a HP scrubber is to reduce the ammonia content in the inert stream coming from the high pressure synthesis section by washing the inert stream with the recycle carbamate and cooling it against cooling water. This discussion helped to find the root cause of problem when the temperature in the top of the HP scrubber increased unexpectedly.
It is commonly known that any urea plant has a certain minimum plant load, typically 60% of its design capacity. But why is this so critical for urea plants?
The CO2 compressor in a urea plant is often a limiting factor in the urea plant. This discussion shares experiences on how best to debottleneck this unique and interesting high-pressure rotating piece of equipment.
Approximately 75% of all urea plants worldwide still produce prills. This discussion reports on the experiences of different plants and the solutions available to increase the strength of urea prills to reduce dust problems during handling.
In all urea plants, high pressure pumps are used to pump the feedstock ammonia and carbon dioxide to the high pressure synthesis section and in most urea plants carbamate liquid is recycled from the recirculation section to the synthesis. Reciprocating pumps are used for these services and sometimes vibration problems occur in the discharge pipeline. This discussion considers the possible causes and solutions to problem.