Tag: Battery

The switch towards battery technologies like lithium iron phosphate (LFP) is leading to major growth in demand for sulphur and sulphuric acid.

Arianne Phosphates has signed a memorandum of understanding with Travertine Technologies Inc.for the production of purified phosphoric acid using Travertine’s proprietary process on high-purity phosphate concentrate from Arianne’s planned Lac à Paul project in Quebec Province.

Lyten, a global leader in lithium-sulphur batteries has entered into a binding agreement to acquire Northvolt’s assets in Sweden and Germany. The acquisition includes Northvolt Ett and, Northvolt Labs in Sweden and Northvolt Drei in Germany. Additionally, Lyten is acquiring all remaining Northvolt intellectual property. The financial terms of the agreement were not disclosed. In total, Lyten’s acquisition includes assets valued at approximately $5 billion, including 16 GWh of existing battery manufacturing capacity, more than 15 GWh of capacity under construction, the infrastructure and plans to scale to more than 100 GWh, and the largest and most advanced battery R&D centre in Europe.

In this CRU Insight, Peter Harrisson reports on how battery materials have become a powerful driver of sulphur consumption growth.

Guizhou Phosphorus Chemical Group has begun site clearing work in preparation for a major mining and downstream fertilizer and chemical project at Kaiyang in Guizhou province started. It is planned to complete the construction of the first phase of the 600,000 t/a lithium iron phosphate (LFP) production line by the end of 2025. The whole scheme is projected to cost $4.6 billion, with participation from the Guiyang Municipal Government and Guizhou Phosphorus (Group) Co., Ltd., China National Nuclear Huayuan Titanium Dioxide, China Mining Resources Group and other companies. The project comprises 1.4 million t/a of ferrous sulphate heptahydrate production, with co-production of 400,000 t/a of titanium dioxide, 600,000 t/a of iron phosphate, 600,000 t/a of lithium iron phosphate, 150,000 t/a of lithium carbonate, 10,000 t/a of lithium fluoride, 20,000 t/a of lithium hexafluorophosphate, 100,000 t/a of copper smelting, and phosphogypsum decomposition to produce sulphuric acid, with power cogeneration and other public utilities. Phosphate ore is processed to produce iron phosphate, which is then combined with ferrous sulphate, a byproduct of titanium dioxide production, to produce lithium iron phosphate, which is ultimately used in new energy vehicle batteries. It is expected that the first batch of production lines will be put into production in 2026 and the entire industry chain will reach full production in 2028. After completion, Guizhou will become the world's largest production base of phosphorus-based positive electrode materials, accounting for more than 30% of the national market share.

The Sulphur Institute (TSI) held its World Sulphur Symposium in Florence from April 8th-10th.

Indonesian nickel miner Merdeka Battery Materials (MBMA) and partners have signed definitive agreements to construct a high-pressure acid leach (HPAL) plant on the Morowali industrial park, Sulawesi. The unit will have a nameplate capacity of 90,000 t/a of contained nickel in mixed hydroxide precipitate (MHP). PT Sulawesi Nickel Cobalt (SLNC) will construct and operate the plant adjacent to the existing HPAL plant operated by PT Huayue Nickel Cobalt (HNC). SLNC will source and process laterite nickel ore through a 20 year commercial agreement with MBMA's SCM mine, starting from the commissioning date. An ore preparation plant will be built at the SCM mine to enable ore transportation via pipeline to the SLNC processing plant at IMIP. The total combined investment for constructing SLNC (including interest incurred during construction) is expected to be approximately $1.8 billion according to Merdeka. Construction of the project commenced in January 2025 and is expected to reach commissioning stage within 18 months.

Lithium sulphur battery manufacturer Lyten has signed agreements with California Sulphur Company, at the Port of Los Angeles, and a Port of Stockton company to supply US domestically sourced, industrial-grade sulphur to Lyten’s manufacturing facilities in San Jose, CA, San Leandro, CA, and its recently announced Reno, NV, “gigafactory”.

Rapidly increasing lithium production is projected to require several million t/a of sulphuric acid in the next few years, with China, the USA and Australia the main consumers.

Nickel sulphate is an intermediate step in the production of materials for batteries, and is seeing rapid demand growth as the auto industry moves towards electric power trains.