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In an ideal natural draft urea prilling tower, molten droplets fall, cool air rises, and prills solidify – but what happens when airflow at the tower base is disturbed? Small adjustments can have big consequences.
In an ideal natural draft urea prilling tower, molten droplets fall, cool air rises, and prills solidify – but what happens when airflow at the tower base is disturbed? Small adjustments can have big consequences.
The North Caspian Operating Company (NCOC), which operates the huge Kashagan oil field in Kazakhstan, has said that it is seeking international arbitration to resolve its ongoing dispute with the government of Kazakhstan. Kazakhstan has imposed a swingeing $4.6 billion fine for alleged violations of sulphur storage regulations at the NCOC site. In December, a special administrative court in Astana turned down an appeal by NCOC, although it also granted leave to appeal in a higher court. NCOC, a partnership between Shell, Eni, TotalEnergies, ExxonMobil, China National Petroleum Corporation, Inpex and Kazakh state oil and gas company KazMunayGaz, continues to maintain that its sulphur handling operations have been conducted in compliance with Kazakhstan’s laws and that it had the required permits in place.
Süd-Chemie discusses the importance of pressure drop in a sulphuric acid plant and the many benefits that can be gained from using a guard bed, typically in the first bed of the converter to safeguard the catalyst bed and increase campaign life.
Arkema's John Suldickas, Heather McKay and Juan Gonzalez Leon explore innovations in fertilizer dust control.
De-bottlenecking is a profitable path for potash producers, as RHEWUM's Tountzer Ramadan and Alexander Krasovsky explain.
Fertilizer International interviews Graeme Cousland, Managing Director, and Martyn Dean, Sales Director, Begg Cousland Envirotec Limited.